Central nervous system (CNS) treatments are having a major comeback. These five precision medicine players plan to ride the resurgence.
After a decade of stagnation, the CNS space is seeing a revival in sales and R&D spending as the market was last year projected to surpass $80 billion for the first time since 2013 and hit around $127 billion.
Recent landmark approvals have brought attention back to the CNS, including the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA)’s greenlight of Eisai/Biogen’s lecanemab (Leqembi) for the treatment of Alzheimer’s disease in 2023, and the FDA approval of Bristol-Myers Squibb’s schizophrenia treatment xanomeline/trospium chloride (Cobenfy) in 2024.
At the same time, Johnson & Johnson’s depression treatment, esketamine (Spravato), is on its way to blockbuster status, showcasing the growth potential of the CNS market.
These successes accompany an emerging shift in psychiatry clinical trials from subjective rating scales to more objective endpoints, including digital and physiological measures, with the potential to better tailor treatments to a patient’s biological makeup.
Startups and scaleups are attracting increasing investor attention for their potential to change the way we treat CNS conditions. Check out our list of the most exciting companies that have netted the biggest investor dollars.
1. Aerska
Founded: 2025 | Headquarters: Dublin, Ireland
Aerska’s name is derived from an Irish proverb stating that people survive in each other’s shelter, emphasising the strength of its team.
This team includes co-founder Jack O’Meara, previously co-founder of the liver-focused RNA interference (RNAi) biotech Ochre Bio, who is driven by the experience of loved ones suffering from Alzheimer’s disease.
Aerska is developing RNAi therapies for neurodegenerative conditions, including Parkinson’s and Alzheimer’s disease.
While there are already FDA-approved RNAi therapies on the market, such as Alnylam’s patisiran (Onpattro), these are typically focused on liver and cardiometabolic conditions rather than the CNS.
Aerska’s technology consists of antibody “brain shuttles” that bind to proteins on the blood-brain barrier (BBB). They then carry a payload RNA into the brain.
The payload, which is designed based on data-driven patient stratification and disease biomarkers, then silences specific genes driving the disease.
Aerska has already raised $60 million since its launch, including a $21 million seed round in October 2025 and a $39 million Series A round in February 2026, co-led by EQT Life Sciences and age1.
The company, which has research operations in the U.K., is using the latest funding to drive its pipeline programs toward clinical testing.
2. Beacon Biosignals
Founded: 2019 | Headquarters: Boston, Massachusetts, U.S.
Beacon Biosignals was co-founded by a team including its CEO—MIT neuroscientist Jacob Donoghue, MD, PhD—and its CTO, the machine learning researcher Jarrett Revels.
Boasting more than 100 employees, the company’s goal is to provide objective biomarkers in drug development that neurology and psychiatry have traditionally lacked compared with other areas of precision medicine.
Its FDA-cleared Waveband device measures the brain’s activity, known as electroencephalography (EEG), while patients sleep at home. The EEG data is then stored, quality-controlled, and fed into AI models that can guide the design of clinical trials.
For example, Beacon’s EEG data can identify patients with Alzheimer’s disease who have worse outcomes and might need a more targeted treatment or a different clinical trial than other patients.
Beacon raised $27 million in a Series A round in 2021 and an oversubscribed Series B round worth $86 million in November 2025.
The B round, which included investors such as Innoviva, Google Ventures, and Nexus NeuroTech, will help the startup to accelerate the discovery of neurobiomarkers and broaden clinical adoption of the technology.
Beacon acquired the French sleep monitoring company Dreem in 2023 to access its monitoring data and headband technology. Beacon then acquired the Ohio-based CleveMed in April 2025 to harness technology measuring breathing, oxygen, and other signals.
3. Brainomix
Founded: 2010 | Headquarters: Oxford, U.K.
Brainomix was founded by a team including CEO Michalis Papadakis, PhD, who was scientific director of the preclinical stroke lab at the University of Oxford.
Brainomix is dedicated to speeding up patient care in cases of stroke, where speedy treatment is key.
Brainomix’s flagship product, Brainomix 360 Stroke, is designed to harness AI to interpret brain scans and detect blood clots in patients with stroke, speeding up clinical decision-making.
The product involves a group of tools that automatically analyze images, including results from computed tomography (CT), CT angiography, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and CT perfusion.
Brainomix’s technology doubled the rate of thrombectomy treatment in patients with stroke and reduced hospital triage and transfer delays, according to a 2025 study.
The University of Oxford spinout is at a commercial stage, with operations in more than 20 countries, and is expanding into the U.S.
Brainomix raised a $21.2 million Series B round in 2021 and extended its Series C round from $6.5 million in March 2025 to $25.4 million in February 2026, with leading investors including Parkwalk Advisors and Hostplus. The proceeds will fuel the company’s expansion into the U.S. market.
Brainomix has also partnered with heavyweights, including Nvidia, Boehringer Ingelheim, Medtronic, and GE Healthcare.
Brainomix also has a product dedicated to disease monitoring in pulmonary fibrosis.
4. Circular Genomics
Founded: 2021 | Headquarters: San Diego, California, U.S.
Circular Genomics was spun out of the University of New Mexico, with its founders including CSO Nikolaos Mellios, PhD, and Alexander Hafez, PhD.
The company later moved its headquarters from Albuquerque to San Diego in March 2025 to access scientific and operational know-how from Eli Lilly at Lilly Gateway Labs.
Circular Genomics aims to equip medical professionals with a blood test to detect CNS conditions early, in addition to stratifying and guiding the treatment of patients.
Its technology involves using a polymerase chain reaction (PCR) test of a patient’s blood sample to screen for specific circular RNA molecules produced in the brain that can cross into the blood and be measured as a biomarker of disease in the CNS.
Commercially launched in 2024, Circular Genomics’ MindLight SSRI Antidepressant Response Test predicts whether a patient will benefit from common antidepressants called SSRIs with around 77% accuracy. This is designed to predict a patient’s most suitable antidepressants without needing months of trial-and-error approaches.
The company is applying its technology in Alzheimer’s disease, where the approvals of disease-modifying therapies such as Leqembi have led to demand for tests that can detect the disease at earlier stages than traditional tests.
Circular Genomics raised $15 million in a Mountain Group Partners-led Series A round in December 2025 to finance the development of its technology and expansion of its technology in Alzheimer’s disease.
The company also has its sights on other CNS conditions, including multiple sclerosis and Parkinson’s disease.
5. Omniscient Neurotechnology
Founded: 2019 | Headquarters: Sydney, Australia
Omniscient (o8t)’s founders include CMO Michael Sughrue, MD, a neurosurgeon aiming to improve anatomy maps for other surgeons, and machine learning expert Stephane Doyen, PhD.
o8t’s FDA-approved product Quicktome involves using a patient’s MRI brain scans and AI models to map out a patient’s brain circuitry. These maps, accessible from an electronic tablet, can guide surgery to minimize the risk of brain damage compared to using a generalized anatomical diagram.
Quicktome is already in use at major hospitals around the world, including major centers in the U.S. Its partners include U.S. surgical support firm META Dynamic and the U.S. medical device innovation center, The Jacobs Institute.
o8t has raised more than $60 million, and bagged $14 million (AUD 20 million) in January 2026 as part of a Series D round targeted to reach $25 million (AUD 36 million). The round was led by Australia’s National Reconstruction Fund (NRFC) and OIF Ventures, with the aim of keeping the company based in Australia.
The funding is earmarked to fuel the development and commercialization of Quicktome, and grow o8t’s Australian workforce by more than 40. The company also has operations in Atlanta, Georgia, U.S.
o8t also plans to expand the technology into high-growth markets, including brain computer interface targeting, stroke and traumatic brain injury.
Jonathan Smith, PhD, is a freelance science journalist based in the U.K. and Spain. He previously worked in Berlin as a reporter and news editor at Labiotech, a website covering the biotech industry. Prior to this, he completed a PhD in behavioral neurobiology at the University of Leicester and freelanced for the U.K. organizations Research Media and Society of Experimental Biology. He has also written for medwireNews, Biopharma Reporter, and Outsourcing Pharma.
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