Baseline Mismatch Negativity Amplitude Predicts Direction and Magnitude of Ketamine Effect in Healthy Volunteers — A “Disordinal” Effect

Mismatch negativity (MMN) is a component of the auditory event-related potential (ERP) that is elicited during a passive oddball paradigm where task-irrelevant infrequent deviants are presented in a stream of more frequent standard stimuli. MMN is believed to index a pre-attentive stage of auditory information processing closely linked to N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors (NMDAR) function. Ketamine is thought to act primarily as an NMDAR antagonist, has been used in clinical trials to model the symptoms of schizophrenia and is increasingly used in the clinic to treat depression.